In a study published in Cell on July 10, researchers reported the first comprehensive study of whole-brain projectomes of the macaque prefrontal cortex (PFC) at the single-neuron level and revealed ...

In a typical neuron, the cell body comprises only about 10-20% of the cytoplasm; the rest lies in the axon and dendrites. Thus, understanding neurons requires acknowledging the axon's role.

Stylized axon arbor of a neuron. Yellow circle: root vertex at the axon initial segment; red circles: bifurcation vertices; black circles: terminal vertices at the axon's synaptic terminals.

They are the “input” part of the cell. Axon — this long projection carries information from the soma and sends it off to other cells. This is the “output” part of the cell.

GPCRs on the presynaptic neuron’s axon terminal alter the function of voltage-gated ion channels and modulate neurotransmitter release.

A marginal band of microtubules transports and organizes mitochondria in retinal bipolar synaptic terminals. J. Gen. Physiol, June 2015 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201511396 ...

A Surviving Intact Branch Stabilizes Remaining Axon Architecture after Injury as Revealed by In Vivo Imaging in the Mouse Spinal Cord. Neuron, April 2015 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.061 ...