The IEC 60153-2 and IEEE 1785.1 international standards for rectangular metallic waveguides are currently undergoing revision. Textbook derivations of the associated equations for the metal-pipe ...

A set of matrix equations is derived which yields the statistical mechanical properties of a system of monomers and dimers on a rectangular lattice in the thermodynamic limit. As the matrices are ...

5 Partial differential equations based models as approximations of Markov chain dynamics. Modeling complex systems with stochastic partial differential equations The study of Taranets et al. focuses ...

Dušan D. Djordjević, Miljana Jovanović, On the Approximations of Solutions to Stochastic Differential Equations Under Polynomial Condition, Filomat, Vol. 35, No. 1 (2021), pp. 11-25 ...

A pair of researchers proposed a simple optics equation that mimics the basic behavior of gravitational lenses. Drawing on Fermat’s principle of least time and the Euler equation, Szafraniec and ...

The mechanisms of changing the luminosity of various types of stars are considered. The problem of supercritical convection in an infinite plane layer is solved in the approximation of low velocities, ...

With Tap to Pay on iPhone, merchants can accept payments by “approximation” through an app an iPhone. When finalizing the payment, the merchant only needs to ask the customer to bring their iPhone or ...

This paper explores solutions to linearized power-flow equations with bus-voltage phasors represented in rectangular coordinates. The key idea is to solve for complex-valued perturbations around a ...

This area is found by integrating an equation across an interval. Understanding this concept is essential for tackling various problems in real-world applications, such as determining distance ...

The exact reflection time is the purple curve and the conventional hyperbolic approximation (equation (5)) is the green curve. Three non-hyperbolic approximations are also shown: Al-Chalabi (blue ...

Equations (1) to (4) use complex numbers and their variables are in rectangular form. Equation (1) denotes Kirchhoff's current law in any node n. The voltage drop in the line is represented in (2).