The mathematical basis of graphs as sets of vertices and edges establishes a connection to probabilities, which are also based on the enumeration of elements of a set. Spanning trees are geometric ...

This paper considers a class of distributed quadratic optimization problem under an undirected and connected graph. Different from most of the existing distributed optimization works that consider the ...

In this paper, we study the problem that minimizes or maximizes a multi-order complex quadratic form with constant-modulus constraints on all elements of the optimization variable. This mathematical ...

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We analyze an extensive class of Fisher-type reaction–diffusion equations with flows in divergence form. We work with regular flows, which may not meet the standard elliptical conditions, but without ...

Abstract It is presented a way to obtain the closed form for Green’s function related to the nonhomogeneous one-dimensional Helmholtz equation with homogeneous Dirichlet conditions on the boundary of ...