They are typically caused by a malformation of the blood vessel (or vessels) that connect the portal system which drains the digestive tract to the systemic system which goes to the rest of the body.

Hepatitis is a serious condition that extends its impact beyond the liver, affecting multiple body systems, including the kidneys, nervous system, and mental health ...

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common complication of cirrhosis. It’s usually caused by varices, which are areas in your gastrointestinal tract where blood vessels rupture due to increased blood ...