About 83 per cent of them are Punjabi speakers. Research has shown that mother-tongue language fluency tends to decrease dramatically with each passing generation after immigration.

Urdu is the official language of Pakistan, even as it is spoken less. Punjabi, so far, was being taught in schools from Class VI to post-graduate level as an elective subject.

The Baloch speak their language and take pride in it. But when Punjabis speak their language, they don’t take pride in it, rather they teach their children either Urdu or English.

Urdu is the most common second language with 2.28 per cent of people speaking it. African languages are second at 1.32 per cent. Sandwell Punjabi is the most common second language at 6.38 per cent.