Hence, studies on lumbar spine mechanics are vital to understand failure of vertebrae and related mechanics. This research paper focuses on spine mechanics of L3-L4 lumbar using Computer Aided Design ...

For instance, the L5 nerve comes down in the central canal at the L4-5 and above levels and then comes out in the foramen at the disc level between the L5 and S1 vertebral bodies. (S1 is the first ...

for L4, 1.74 (95% CI 1.04–2.93) for L5, and 1.29 (95% CI 0.97–1.72) for S1 nerve root impingement. An overall clinical evaluation, concluding on the level and side of the radiculopathy was ...

Wu et al. (Wu et al., 2023) reported that after L4/5 foraminal plasty, the stresses of the L3/4 and L5/S1 facet joints decreased, whereas the stresses of the L4/5 facet joints generally tended to ...