We theoretically investigate the mode-dependent gain (MDG) in coupled multi-core erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (MC-EDFAs) with inter-core doping concentration discrepancy (ICDCD). The MDGs for both ...

The June storms that rushed through the region destroyed countless grain storage facilities. Now farmers are seeking to rebuild before this harvest season.

Therapeutic proteins, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), can form two-dimensional films at the air–water interface, which, when ruptured or stressed, can lead to protein instability in solution.

This paper investigates the impact of chlorophyll concentrations on the performance of underwater optical wireless communications. While the focus of this paper is on vertical links, the simulation ...