"Ice in the rest of the universe has long been considered a snapshot of liquid water – that is, a disordered arrangement fixed in place. Our findings show this is not entirely true." ...

According to recent analysis, water vapor plumes erupting from cracks in Enceladus’ icy shell have a pH between 10.1 and 11.6 ...

Research teams led by CAS institutions including the Institute of Geology and Geophysics (IGG) and the National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC), along with Nanjing University and others, have made ...