Inspecting both rails and wheels for internal fatigue crack defects is imperative to enhancing and ensuring the future safety of railway operations. Reference: Fry, Gary T. 2022. “Metal Fatigue: How ...

For example, every broken railcar wheel rim that I have examined triggered from a fatigue crack defect—usually substantially larger than one inch in dimension. In some cases, multiple large fatigue ...

These are Venier defects in the atomic arrangement of the crystal structure of metals. That localization of damage, it has been argued, is the precursor to crack initiation.

Half of the Navy’s littoral combat ship fleet is suffering from structural defects that have led to hull cracks on several vessels, limiting the speed and sea states in which some ships can ...