Twenty-one human volunteers followed a diet low in polyphenols for at least 48 h before taking, in a random order, 40 g of cocoa powder dissolved either in 250 mL of whole milk or in 250 mL of water.

Cocoa smuggled from the world’s largest producer, Ivory Coast, is leading to supply shortages and traceability concerns.

Cacao powder is made from cold-pressed, unroasted cocoa beans (the same kind used to make chocolate and cocoa powder), by removing the fat but leaving the live enzymes intact and preserving the ...