Were you told that gold mining in southern Africa started after 1852? Or that the export of iron, steel, copper and gold began in the late 19th century? Or that South Africa became integrated into a ...

I am an anthropologist and I’ve been studying the social life and history of South African gold mining for nearly three ... s formal operations over a century and a half. The horrors in ...

The vast Witwatersrand goldfield, where the Stilfontein mine is located, was the focus of a heady gold rush in the 19th century ... bandied about in South Africa, illegal mining is not exclusively ...