You’ll probably feel density changes as you push the spade into the soil. Dig up one plant. If two or three come up at once, you’re under a layer and the plants are sitting on top. Read the roots.

More information: Xiang Song et al, Parameterization of Tree and Shrub Stem Wood Density Adaptions to Multiple Climate and Soil Factor Gradients, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (2024).

Our results demonstrate that the effects of ALAN on plant growth can be altered by soil moisture and plant density. Consequently, the effects of ALAN on plants in nature may not be consistent with ...

Maintaining or improving soil fertility is thus an element of weed management. There is an advantage in placing nutrients where they are more readily accessed by the crop than by weeds. Although crop ...

Planting density and nitrogen (N) application rate are the two major factors affecting crop productivity. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of N application rate and planting ...