The impedance between the carrier electrodes is the sum of the cable resistance, including any defibrillation-protection resistors present in each electrode (R CABLE typically 1 kΩ to 10 kΩ, greater ...

The skin impedance equivalent circuit shown in Fig.2 was created using resistors and capacitors corresponding to the hydrated and dehydrated states. The hydrated state equivalent was considered to ...

"Drawn-on-skin” electronics penned directly on the patient’s skin can create multifunctional sensors and circuits to collect various physiological signals. (Courtesy: Cunjiang Yu, University of ...

These are particularly crucial in sensitive RF circuits. Measure PCB material properties: The permittivities of the materials used in the PCB and substrates are critical parameters that affect circuit ...