Programmable gain amplifiers (PGAs) and/or lookup tables are often used to provide the ... the system is settled and the counter value equals the angle (phi) indicated by the sine/Cosine inputs from ...

Cosine and sine of an angle θ are defined to be the x and y-coordinates of the point P on the unit circle with the property that the line from O to P makes and angle θ with the positve x-axis. cos(θ) ...