Cardinal Robert Bellarmine, one of Galileo’s chief interlocutors during the 17-year controversy, was more than open to the science but cautioned against changing the Church’s teaching on the ...

When Galileo was later condemned, it was after Bellarmine’s death. St. Robert Bellarmine was “indefatigable in his labor,” Pacwa asserted. “And he worked until he died,” on Sept.

While Galileo himself had not been officially condemned, he was personally ordered by Cardinal Robert Bellarmine, on behalf of Pope Paul V, to cease all advocacy of the Copernican system.

Bellarmine thought it was possible and asked Galileo to profess it as a hypothesis, but Galileo would not. St. Robert Bellarmine was a saint and scholar and one of the greatest defenders of the ...

Cardinal Robert Bellarmine took him aside and privately warned him to comply with the orders of the Church and stop writing or discussing his ideas—or else. Galileo had little choice.

But Rome’s clerics were open to what the science proved. Cardinal Robert Bellarmine, one of Galileo’s most important conversation partners over the 17-year-long controversy, was so committed ...

To Protestant historians, Galileo’s fate is a sharp contrast to the freedom other Enlightenment luminaries, like Robert Boyle ... he had a powerful friend in Bellarmine at the Vatican.