ECG Challenge: Sudden Palpitations and Shortness of Breath A 56-year-old patient with cardiomyopathy lands in the emergency department with shortness of breath and a rapid heart rate. What does ...

The ECG shows an irregularly irregular rapid ... The findings are consistent with atrial fibrillation, uncontrolled ventricular response, left axis deviation, left ventricular hypertrophy and ...

AF occurs when irritable foci cause rapid action potentials that result ... 2014;4a] The diagnosis of AF is confirmed with a standard 12-lead ECG. P waves are absent, coarse “fibrillatory ...