Finally, as COVID-19 has a strong component of ACE2 depletion underlying the course of the illness, and as RAAS (angiotensin and aldosterone) stressors promote cytokine-mediated disease in the lungs ...

KEY POINTS Chronic hyperkalemia is prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease, heart failure or other conditions treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, and has ...