The fault is marked by the cut in the cardboard. In a normal fault, the rock above the fault plane moves down the slope of the fault (figure 4). Ask a student to demonstrate this using the cardboard.

In this type of fault, the block of rock above the fault plane, known as the hanging wall, moves downward relative to the block below, called the footwall. Normal faults are typically found at ...

When Julian Lozos visited the site of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes two days after the event, he noticed something strange.

The extremely strong shaking within the stepover area and less than a kilometer on each side of the fault is enough to launch rocks, they concluded. Some earthquakes cause even stronger ground ...