Most diodes have some kind of markings on their bodies or leads that indicate their polarity. The most common ones are a stripe, a ring, a dot, or a letter. The stripe, ring, or dot usually marks ...

Summary <p>This chapter presents the relations between spontaneous orientation polarization (SOP) and the charge carrier dynamics as well as degradation properties in organic light&#x2010;emitting ...

Summary <p>The mechanism of the orientational processes is well understood and many examples have confirmed that light outcoupling and electroluminescent quantum efficiency of vapor&#x2010;deposited ...