A typical incision made for a retroperitoneal approach to the L5-S1 disc space. Figure 9-2. A schematic demostrating retraction of the external iliac vein with insertion of an ALIF cage. References 1.

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., 2004; Asch ...