Long before stars lit up the sky, the universe was a hot, dense place where simple chemistry quietly set the stage for ...

Immediately after the Big Bang, which occurred around 13.8 billion years ago, the universe was dominated by unimaginably high ...

Ionized particles, or ions, have lost one or more electrons, and are thus electrically charged.) The study proposes that this change, known as the Epoch of Reionization, ended much earlier than ...

According to a study published in Astronomy and Astrophysics, researchers from Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK) in ...

CREDIT: M. ALVAREZ, R. KAEHLER AND T. ABEL So scientists now aim to detect a radio signal from the neutral hydrogen itself, before it was ionized, back through cosmic dawn and even into the dark ages.

More information: Y. Lee et al, Binary Nature of Collisions Facilitates Runaway Electron Generation in Weakly Ionized Plasmas, Physical Review Letters (2024). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.175102 ...