He appreciates being able to keep just one size of gasket on hand for all flange ratings up to the 1,500 lb. class.

For example, for the same DN of a flange, it means cutting different gaskets of different outer diameters, corresponding to the 4 bolt hole diameters, associated with the bolt positions. Latty has ...

Brian C. Lehr, Applying Gasket Materials to High-Stress, Dynamic Flange Environments, SAE Transactions, Vol. 109, Section 6: JOURNAL OF PASSENGER CARS: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS JOURNAL (2000), pp. 1002-1007 ...

In the book Gaskets and Gasketed Joints, edited by John H. Bickford and published in 1998 by CRC Press (an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group), Daniel E. Czernik provided a brief history of gaskets.

Jess W. Oren, Design Considerations of Deflection in a Rigid Flange Gasket Joint, SAE Transactions, Vol. 92, Section 1: 830008–830359 (1983), pp. 817-828 ...

[3] Non-linear Finite Element Modelling and Analysis of the Effect of Gasket Creep-Relaxation on Circular Bolted Flange Connections. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping (2017).

Earlier gaskets use a larger exhaust crossover opening; that can result in a significant exhaust leak at the flange when using any Pontiac intake manifold (bottom). See All 2 Photos ...