Aaron keeps the decapsulation key and hands the encapsulation key off to Barb. Barb uses Aaron's encap key to generate a single copy of the shared secret key and the associated ciphertext.

The KiviPQC-KEM is an IP Core for ML-KEM Key Encapsulation that supports key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation operations for all ML-KEM va ...

About the KiviPQC-KEM IP Core The KiviPQC-KEM ML-KEM Key Encapsulation IP Core is a standalone hardware acceleration engine that efficiently executes the ML-KEM secret key generation, encapsulation, ...

By utilising these hard mathematical problems, researchers have developed key exchange and encapsulation schemes, such as SIDH and SIKE, that offer robust security guarantees.