Textual languages use words and symbols to write the logic, such as structured text (ST) and instruction list (IL). Hybrid languages combine graphical and textual elements, such as continuous ...

State machine has several advantages over flowchart for control logic design, especially for systems with multiple modes or states that need to react quickly and consistently. It can handle ...

Binary logic symbols of Scientific Apparatus Makers Association (SAMA) PMC 22.1-1981: “Functional Diagramming of Instrument and Control Systems” were also incorporated. Graphic symbol dimension tables ...