These colors are produced when solar particles collide with nitrogen in Earth's atmosphere at an altitude of 60 miles or less, according to aurora travel company The Aurora Zone.

It is only the longest wavelengths — the reddish colors — that are likely to still travel undisturbed by the atmosphere, and thus that is the color of the sun at sunset.

But Earth’s atmosphere modifies our views of the moon, altering colors and shape. Italian photographer Marcella Giulia Pace, who has captured lunar variations for 10 years, chose 48 of her ...

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s scientific writings have been rightly described by several scholars as an early precursor of later phenomenological thought. A main factor in such interpretations is ...