In any patient, and especially in any child, if airway obstruction and goiter coexist, it should not be assumed that there is pressure on the trachea from the goiter but, rather, the presence of ...

By the 1940s, goiters had all but "vanished ... women can cause miscarriage and stillbirths, and often leads to "children ...

Surgery may be recommended if a goiter is not responding to other treatment ... When the iodine deficiency continues or occurs in infancy, the child may be smaller than average or have symptoms ...