A statistical test that allows one to determine whether observed quantities of a specific characteristic differed from the expected value purely by chance.

For one-way frequency tables, PROC FREQ performs a chi-square goodness-of-fit test when you specify the CHISQ option ... cell is less than or equal to that of the observed table. A small left-sided ...

Sufficient replication within subpopulations is required to make the Pearson and deviance goodness-of-fit tests valid ... is distributed as chi-square when there is no replication in any of the ...