The three bones of the middle ear (hammer, anvil, stapes) make up the ossicular chain. This bony chain, which is found in all mammals is dedicated to the transmission of sound waves from the tympanic ...

See: Presbycusis, Sensory-Neural Hearing Loss. Compare: Transducer. The inner ear consists of the cochlea and semicurcular canals, embedded in the hardest bones of the head, and which contain the ...

The ear is a physically complex sense organ, especially in mammals. Because some of the ear s structure involves bones, much of the evolution of the ear can be followed through the fossil record. The ...

The vibration of the oval window sets the fluid in the inner ear into wave motion (see part 2). Two tiny muscles attached to the ossicles contract when sound is loud (and potentially damaging to the ...

The mammalian middle ear is a classic example of progressive evolution. The middle ear of modern mammals has three auditory ossicles including malleus, incus and stapes, whereas in reptiles there ...

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605881113 Abstract The diminutive middle ear ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) housed in the tympanic cavity of the temporal bone play an important role in audition.

Letter Published: 27 January 1962 Homology of Ear Ossicles GUNNAR BERTMAR Nature 193, 393–394 (1962) Cite this article ...

Clinical Techniques Published: October 2007 Middle ear sample collection in the chinchilla Cyndi Brown Lab Animal 36, 22–23 (2007) Cite this article ...

The mammalian middle ear is a classic example of progressive evolution. The middle ear of modern mammals has three auditory ossicles — the malleus, the incus and the stapes — whereas in ...

To their surprise, the Neanderthal ossicles are morphologically distinct from the ossicles of modern humans. Despite the differences in morphology, the function of the middle ear is largely the ...