The influence of afternoon instability increases the aerodynamic term of the modified Penman relationship by 50% or more on days with moderate instability. However, the unmodified Penman relationship ...

It is this stretching and squeezing of the rising rotating column of air that scientists believe leads to the development of tornadoes, but the exact mechanism is still not fully understood. This ...

This paper analyses the influence of vertical wind speed profiles on wind energy conversion systems. A brief account of atmospheric stability and vertical temperature gradient is explained and their ...

The last 10 years of research into this climatic phenomenon show us that, although atmospheric rivers appear to have a positive effect on the ice sheet balance by promoting snowfall, they can also ...

That creates atmospheric instability, the other key ingredient for tornadoes. El Niño’s weakening was a warning This perfect combination of ingredients for tornadoes wasn’t a complete surprise.

In terms of frequency stability, while the laser shows a drift of more than 200 MHz in free-running mode, this is significantly reduced to within 4 MHz over a continuous 7-hour period when ...