Itaconic acid - Wikipedia
WEBItaconate is a by-product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This cycle consists of eight successive enzyme-catalyzed biochemical reactions that occur in the cell's mitochondria.
The role of itaconate in host defense and inflammation
WEBJan 1, 2022 · One metabolite that accumulates in macrophages because of the disturbance in the Krebs cycle is itaconate, which is derived from cis-aconitate by the enzyme cis-aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1), encoded by immunoresponsive gene 1 (Irg1). This Review focuses on itaconate’s emergence as a key immunometabolite with diverse roles in immunity and ...
Itaconate: the poster child of metabolic reprogramming in ... - Nature
WEBJan 31, 2019 · Itaconate is one of the best examples of the consequences of metabolic reprogramming during immunity. It is made by diverting aconitate away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle during...
Itaconate is an anti-inflammatory metabolite that activates Nrf2 …
WEBMar 28, 2018 · We describe the use of a new cell-permeable itaconate derivative, 4-octyl itaconate, which is protective against lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in vivo and decreases cytokine production.
The role and therapeutic potential of itaconate in lung disease
WEB2 days ago · Itaconate, derived from citrate, is primarily produced by macrophages and myeloid cells under M1 polarization conditions [].Immune organs such as lymph nodes and spleen have the highest concentrations of itaconate [].The synthesis of this immune metabolite is induced by the enzyme CAD, encoded by ACOD1/IRG1, which catalyzes the decarboxylation of cis-aconitate to itaconate.
The Emerging Application of Itaconate: Promising Molecular …
WEBMay 12, 2021 · Itaconate, an important intermediate metabolite isolated from the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is derived from cis-aconitate decarboxylation mediated by immune response gene 1 in mitochondrial matrix. Itaconate has emerged as a key autocrine regulatory component involved in the development …
Itaconate: A Metabolite Regulates Inflammation Response and …
WEBJul 17, 2020 · In this review, we point out that itaconate is a novel and pivotal metabolic determinant of the immunoregulatory response in macrophages and highlight studies that have improved our understanding of the connection between the …
Itaconate: A Potent Macrophage Immunomodulator
WEBMay 4, 2023 · Itaconate, a byproduct of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an emerging metabolic small molecule that regulates macrophage inflammation and has received much attention for its potent anti-inflammatory effects in recent years.
Metabolic Messengers: itaconate - Nature Metabolism
WEBJul 26, 2024 · This review focuses on itaconate as a key immunoregulatory metabolite and describes its diverse mechanisms of action and its many impacts on the immune and inflammatory responses and in cancer.
Itaconate: A Metabolite Regulates Inflammation Response and …
WEBJul 17, 2020 · In this review, we point out that itaconate is a novel and pivotal metabolic determinant of the immunoregulatory response in macrophages and highlight studies that have improved our understanding of the connection between the …